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Medical Disclaimer

CGM data is not a diagnostic tool. This guide explains how to read device data — it is not medical guidance. Always consult your healthcare provider to interpret your glucose patterns.

Our methodology

This guide is based on manufacturer documentation for Dexcom, Abbott, Levels Health, and Nutrisense apps, clinical definitions of CGM metrics, and hands-on review of each platform's data presentation as of May 2026.

Reading the glucose graph

Every CGM app presents a continuous glucose graph with two axes. The x-axis (horizontal) represents time — typically the last 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, or 24 hours depending on which view you select. The y-axis (vertical) represents glucose concentration, measured in mg/dL in the US or mmol/L in most other countries.

The line on the graph connects readings taken every 1–5 minutes (depending on the device) and forms the continuous curve you see. A flat line means glucose has been stable. A rising line means glucose is increasing. A descending line means it's falling.

Quick reference

X-axis = time. Each point on the line is a glucose reading at that moment. Y-axis = glucose level. Higher on the graph = higher glucose. Lower = lower glucose.

Most apps overlay horizontal bands or dashed lines showing your target glucose range. Any part of the line inside the bands is "in range." Parts above are elevated; parts below are low.

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What the trend arrows mean

Dexcom and most CGM apps display a trend arrow next to the current glucose reading. The arrow indicates the direction and speed at which glucose is currently moving — not where it has been.

Steady
Changing less than 1 mg/dL per minute
Rising slowly
Rising 1–2 mg/dL per minute
Rising
Rising 2–3 mg/dL per minute
↑↑
Rising rapidly
Rising more than 3 mg/dL per minute
Falling slowly
Falling 1–2 mg/dL per minute
↓↓
Falling rapidly
Falling more than 3 mg/dL per minute

The trend arrow is forward-looking context — it helps you understand where glucose is headed in the next 15–30 minutes based on the current rate of change. The accuracy of the arrow prediction decreases during rapid directional changes.

The metrics your app reports

TIR

Time in Range

The percentage of readings that fell within your target glucose range over a selected period. Reported as a percentage — higher is generally considered better for most users. See our full Time in Range guide.

GMI

Glucose Management Indicator

An estimate derived from average CGM glucose over the past 90 days. GMI is a device-calculated metric — it is not the same as a laboratory HbA1c test and should not be interpreted as one.

SD

Standard Deviation

A measure of how much glucose varies around the average. A higher standard deviation means more variability in readings. Lower SD is generally associated with more stable glucose patterns.

CV

Coefficient of Variation

Standard deviation expressed as a percentage of the mean glucose. CV is a normalized variability measure that allows comparison across different average glucose levels. Most CGM apps display CV as a percentage.

What a typical day looks like on a CGM graph

Fasting (morning)

For most users, overnight and early-morning glucose is relatively flat — this is the fasting baseline. Some users see a gradual rise between 4 and 8 AM (the dawn phenomenon) even before eating. This is a commonly observed hormonal pattern visible on the CGM graph.

After breakfast

The glucose graph typically shows a rise starting 15–30 minutes after eating, peaking somewhere between 45 minutes and 90 minutes post-meal, then declining back toward baseline over 2–3 hours. The height and duration of the post-meal rise varies significantly by individual and by what was eaten.

Exercise

Exercise can cause glucose to rise initially (especially high-intensity work) or fall during sustained aerobic activity. The graph will reflect these patterns — a rise, a drop, or both in sequence, depending on the activity type and duration. Interstitial glucose can lag behind blood glucose during rapid changes, so the graph during intense exercise should be interpreted as directional rather than exact.

Sleep

Overnight glucose is typically the most stable period of the day on a CGM graph. Most apps report overnight variability separately. Compression artefacts — sudden apparent drops caused by the sensor being pressed against a surface — can occasionally produce anomalous readings during sleep on any device.

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Common patterns and what they look like

Post-meal spike: A sharp rise after eating, typically peaking 45–90 minutes post-meal. The height depends on meal composition, individual response, and timing. The graph shows a clear upward curve followed by a gradual descent.

Gradual overnight decline: A slow downward slope during sleep as overnight fasting continues. Common and expected in most CGM data.

Exercise-induced rise: A rapid upswing during or immediately after high-intensity activity, typically followed by a decline during recovery. The graph can look sharp and then quickly reverse.

Compression lows: Sudden apparent drops during sleep that don't correlate with other data. Usually caused by the sensor being physically compressed. The reading typically recovers immediately when position changes.

Important

CGM data shows patterns — not diagnoses. If you observe patterns that concern you, discuss them with your healthcare provider. CGM data is not a substitute for clinical evaluation.

How different apps display the same data

AppGraph styleKey metric featuredData export
Dexcom (G7 / Stelo)Continuous graph + trend arrowsTime in RangeCSV + Clarity
LibreView (Libre 3)AGP report + daily graphTime in RangePDF + CSV
Levels HealthGraph + Metabolic ScoreMetabolic ScoreLimited
NutrisenseGraph + meal tagsGlucose variabilityFull CSV
Abbott LingoGraph + Lingo ScoreLingo ScoreLimited

The underlying sensor data is the same — interstitial glucose measured at regular intervals. What differs is how each app processes, displays, and summarizes that data. Dexcom and LibreView present the most clinical view; Levels, Nutrisense, and Lingo layer on proprietary scoring systems designed for wellness users.

Tips for getting more from your data

Log meals and activity: All major CGM apps support event logging. Adding meal tags and activity markers makes patterns in the graph much easier to interpret — you can see which meals correlate with larger or smaller glucose responses.

Use the longer time views: The 24-hour view shows the full day's pattern. The 7-day and 14-day views reveal whether patterns are consistent or variable across days. Most apps default to shorter views — switch to longer views for broader context.

Don't over-react to single readings: A single elevated or low reading is less meaningful than a pattern over time. CGM data is most useful as a trend tool, not a moment-to-moment alarm system.

Understand sensor warmup: All sensors require a warmup period (typically 30–60 minutes) before they begin reporting readings. Readings during this period may be inaccurate — most apps indicate when the sensor is warming up.

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Frequently asked questions

What is a normal CGM reading?
CGM readings reflect interstitial glucose concentration. What constitutes a "normal" reading depends on individual context and clinical guidance. CGM apps display target ranges configured for the user — readings inside the target bands are "in range." Consult your healthcare provider for guidance on what ranges are appropriate for you.
Why does my CGM reading differ from a fingerstick test?
CGMs measure interstitial glucose, which lags behind blood glucose by approximately 5–15 minutes. During periods of rapid glucose change — right after eating or during intense exercise — the CGM reading may differ meaningfully from a simultaneous fingerstick. During stable periods, the two values are typically close.
What does Time in Range mean?
Time in Range (TIR) is the percentage of CGM readings that fell within a defined glucose target range over a selected period. It is one of the primary metrics reported by all major CGM apps and platforms. Read our full explainer at Time in Range guide.
What causes sudden drops on the CGM graph at night?
Sudden apparent drops during sleep are often "compression lows" — the sensor being pressed against a surface (mattress, arm) reduces the flow of interstitial fluid to the sensor, causing a falsely low reading. The reading typically recovers immediately when position changes. If drops are consistent and not compression-related, discuss with your healthcare provider.
Is GMI the same as HbA1c?
No. GMI (Glucose Management Indicator) is a device-calculated estimate derived from CGM data. It is not a laboratory measurement and should not be interpreted as equivalent to a clinical HbA1c blood test. Some studies show correlation between the two metrics, but they measure different things by different methods.